Tool for use in a swaging machine

ABSTRACT

Four hammers are spaced 90* apart about an axis along which a workpiece is movable. The hammers extend radially to the axis and are intended to carry at their free ends respective tools. Each of the tools comprises a block having the general shape of a quadrangular prism which has four longitudinal side faces. The block has a central web, which forms a narrow section of one of the longitudinal side faces and extends from one end of the block approximately over one half of the length thereof. The one longitudinal side face has a working face section which is wider than the narrow section and extends from the latter to the opposite end of the block and slopes symmetrically to the two longitudinal side faces which are adjacent to the one longitudinal side face. The web has two side faces, each of which has in a view on the one longitudinal side face a contour which corresponds to one-half of the contour of the working face secton in a view on the other end of said block.

United States Patent Kralowetz 1 June 20, 1972 [54] TOOL FOR USE IN ASWAGING [22] Filed: May 25,1970

[2l] Appl.No.: 41,464

Primary Evanziner-Charles W. Lanham Assistant Examiner-Gene P. CrosbyAttorney-Kurt Kelman ABSTRACT -Four hammers are spaced 90 apart about anaxis along which a workpiece is movable. The hammers extend radially tothe axis and are intended to carry at their free ends respective tools.Each of the tools comprises a block having the general shape of aquadrangular prism which has four longitudinal side faces. The block hasa central web, which forms a narrow section of one of the longitudinalside faces and extends from one end of the block approximately over onehalf of the length thereof. The one longitudinal side face has a workingface section which is wider than the narrow section and extends from thelatter to the opposite end of the block and slopes symmetrically to thetwo longitudinal side faces which are adjacent to the one longitudinalside face. The web has two side faces. each of which has in a view onthe one longitudinal side face a contour which corresponds to one-halfof the contour of the working face secton in a view on the other end ofsaid block.

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BYBRIMM Kwwerz PATENTEDJUH 2 0 m2 SHEEI 2 BF 2 INVENTOR Rvuo wmum MEN!"TOOL FOR USE IN A SWAGING MACHINE This invention relates to a tool forswaging machines which comprise four hammers, which are spaced 90 apartand extend radially to the axis of the workpiece and at their ends carryrespective tools and are adjustable to difierent depths of penetrationand preferably blow at the same time.

The use of such swaging machines enables a manufacture of workpieceswhich are circular, square or rectangular in crosssection. Thecross-sectional shape of the workpiece will be determined in that thehammers are set to a selected radial distance from the axis of theworkpiece and the workpiece is caused to rotate or held against rotationon its axis. The workpiece will be swaged to a square cross-section ifall four hammers are set to the same radial distance from the axis ofthe workpiece and said distance is equal to one-half of the side lengthof the desired square, and the workpiece does not rotate on its axis. Ifthe hammers have the same setting and the workpiece is caused to rotate,a circular cross-section will be obtained. To form a swaged workpiecewhich is rectangular in cross-section, the hammers are set to thedesired side lengths of the rectangular cross-section and the workpieceis not rotated. It was previously necessary to use different tools onthe hammers for the three different modes of operation of the machine sothat an exchange of tools was required for a change from the manufactureof swaged workpieces having a square cross-section to the manufacture ofswaged workpieces having a rectangular or circular cross-section.

It is an object of the invention to provide for such swaging machines atool which is equally suitable for the manufacture of swaged workpieceswhich are circular, square or rectangular in cross-section so that thetool is universal in its application and all four hammers always carrythe same tools.

This object is accomplished by the invention in that the tool consistsof a block, which has generally the shape of a quadrangular prism and isformed with two lateral recesses, which extend in the direction of theaxis of the workpiece approximately over one-half of the length of theblock and are open toward the workpiece and define a central web, theworking face of the block slopes symmetrically towards the side faces ofthe block, which are transverse to the axis of the workpiece, and theside faces of the web conform to said sloping configuration of theworking face. On that side which faces the workpiece, the block has thefull width only in approximately one-half of its length and in theremaining portion of its length is formed only by the central web. Thisdesign has the advantage that entirely equal tools are provided on twoadjacent hammers, which are offset 90, and said tools are arranged sothat their central webs extend opposite to that of the first-mentionedtool and their full-width sections can enter the lateral recesses of theintervening tool considered first. As a result, all four tools may becaused to nest so that only a square passage remains between them andthe side length of the square cross-section of said passage depends onthe width of the web. Hence, all four tools may blow at the same timewithout causing the tools to collide and only a passage having a smallsquare cross-section is left between the hammers and corresponds to thesmallest cross-section to be swaged. Adjacent tools may be turnedthrough 180 because the working face slopes symmetrically toward the twosides of the block and the side faces of the web have a correspondingconcave shape. The distance between the working faces of the tools isdetermined by the setting of the hammers and may be selected so that aswaged workpiece having a square or rectangular or circular crosssection is obtained. A square or circular crosssection will be obtainedif the distances between the working faces of pairs of opposite toolsare the same and the workpiece is moved through between the tools and isrotated about its axis or held against rotation about its axis,respectively. A

swaged workpiece which is rectangular in cross-section will be obtainedif the distances between the working faces of pairs of respectiveopposite tools are different and correspond to the and the width of theweb so that the same tools may be used to manufacture swaged workpieceshaving square or circular or rectangular cross-sections of difi'erentdimensions. In each hammer blow, the workpiece is always engaged anddeformed on all four sides at the same time so that it will not bespread in one direction or the other.

In a development of the invention, the working face comprises a flatcentral portion, which is parallel to the base of the block, twotangenn'ally adjoining, slightly curved transitional portions and twomore steeply inclined, plane end portions, so that the working face hasa shape which is suitable for a thorough swaging of the workpiece,inclusive of it core.

An embodiment of the invention is shown by way of example on theaccompanying drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing fourtools which belong to one and the same machine and are in open positionand FIGS. 2 to 4 are, respectively, a front elevation, top plan view andside elevation showing an individual tool.

Each tool consists of a substantially prismatic block 1, which has arectangular base 2. The longer side of the rectangular base extends inthe direction of the axis 3 of the workpiece. The block 1 is formed withtwo lateral recesses 4, which extend approximately over one-half of thelength of the block and define a central web 5. The working face 6comprises a plane central portion a, which is parallel to the base ofthe block, two tangentially adjoining, slightly curved transitionalportions b, and two more highly inclined, plane end portions c so thatthe working face slopes symmetrically to the side faces 7 of the block,which are transverse to the axis of the workpiece. The side faces 8 ofthe web are similarly shaped so that each side face 8 of the webconforms in shape to one-half of the working face.

FIG. 1 shows the relation of the four tools whichare used in one and thesame machine and secured to respective hammers. These tools are not onlyangularly spaced apart but have different orientations so that thecentral webs 5 of adjacent tools extend in opposite directions. Owing tothis arrangement, the tools can be caused to approach each other to suchan extent that those block portions which have the full width of theblock are received by the lateral recesses 4 of the adjacent tools, asis indicated in dash-and-dot lines in FIGS. 2 and 4. In the positioncorresponding to the closest approach of the tools to each other, thetools define between them a passage which has in cross-section the formof a square having a side length which is determined by the width of theweb.

What is claimed is: 1. A tool for use in a swaging machine whichcomprises four hammers, which are spaced 90 apart about an axis alongwhich a workpiece is movable and which hammers extend radially to saidaxis and are intended to carry at their free ends respective ones ofsaid tools,

said tool comprising a block having the general shape of a quadrangularprism which has four longitudinal side faces,

said block having a central web, which forms a narrow section of one ofsaid longitudinal side faces and extends from one end of said blockapproximately over one half of the length thereof,

said one longitudinal side face having a working face section which iswider than said narrow section and extends from the latter to theopposite end of said block and slopes symmetrically to the twolongitudinal side faces which are adjacent to said one longitudinal sideface, and

said web having two side faces, each of which has in a view on said onelongitudinal side face a contour which corresponds to one-half of thecontour of said working face section in a view on said other end of saidblock.

2. A tool as set forth in claim 1, in which said working face sectioncomprises a planar central portion, which is parallel to thelongitudinal side face which is opposite to said one longitudinal sideface, two curved transitional portions which tangentially adjoin saidcentral portion, and two sloping planar end portions respectivelyextending toward said two longitudinal side faces.

3. In a swaging machine which comprises four hammers, which are spaced90 apart about an axis along which a workpiece is movable, and whichhammers extend radially to said axis, the provision of four tools, eachof which is carried by one of said hammers at one end of the latter andcomprises a block having the general shape of a quadrangular prism whichhas four longitudinal side faces,

said block having a central web, which forms a narrow section of one ofsaid longitudinal side faces and extends from one end of said blockapproximately over one-half of the length thereof,

. said one longitudinal side face having a working face section which iswider than said narrow section and extends from the latter to theopposite end of said block and slopes symmetrically to the twolongitudinal side faces which are adjacent to said one longitudinal sideface,

said web having two side faces, each of which has in a view on said onelongitudinal side face a contour which corresponds to one-half of thecontour of said working face section in a view on said other end of saidblock, each of said tools being secured to one of said hammers at thelongitudinal side face of said tool which is opposite to 4. In a swagingmachine as set forth in claim 3, in which space adjacent said webspermits adjustment of said tools to different depths of penetration.

said

1. A tool for use in a swaging machine which comprises four hammers,which are spaced 90* apart about an axis along which a workpiece ismovable and which hammers extend radially to said axis and are intendedto carry at their free ends respective ones of said tools, said toolcomprising a block having the general shape of a quadrangular prismwhich has four longitudinal side faces, said block having a central web,which forms a narrow section of one of said longitudinal side faces andextends from one end of said block approximately over one half of thelength thereof, said one longitudinal side face having a working facesection which is wider than said narrow section and extends from thelatter to the opposite end of said block and slopes symmetrically to thetwo longitudinal side faces which are adjacent to said one longitudinalside face, and said web having two side faces, each of which has in aview on said one longitudinal side face a contour which corresponds toone-half of the contour of said working face section in a view on saidother end of said block.
 2. A tool as set forth in claim 1, in whichsaid working face section comprises a planar central portion, which isparallel to the longitudinal side face which is opposite to said onelongitudinal side face, two curved transitional portions whichtangentially adjoin said central portion, and two sloping planar endportions respectively extending toward said two longitudinal side faces.3. In a swaging machine which comprises four hammers, which are spaced90* apart about an axis along which a work-piece is movable, and whichhammers extend radially to said axis, the provision of four tools, eachof which is carried by one of said hammers at one end of the latter andcomprises a block having the general shape of a quadrangular prism whichhas four longitudinal side faces, said block having a central web, whichforms a narrow section of one of said longitudinal side faces andextends from one end of said block approximately over one-half of thelength thereof, said one longitudinal side face having a working facesection which is wider than said narrow section and extends from thelatter to the opposite end of said block and slopes symmetrically to thetwo longitudinal side faces which are adjacent to said one longitudinalside face, said web having two side faces, each of which has in a viewon said one longitudinal side face a contour which corresponds toone-half of the contour of said working face section in a view on saidother end of said block, each of said tools being secured to one of saidhammers at the longitudinal side face of said tool which is opposite tosaid one longitudinal side face so that said axis extends in thelongitudinal direction of each of said blocks and transversely to saidtwo adjoining side faces of each of said blocks, said four tools beinggenerally aligned transversely to said axis, and said narrow sections ofmutually adjacent blocks extending in mutually opposite directions fromsaid working face sections of the respective blocks.
 4. In a swagingmachine as set forth in claim 3, in which space adjacent said webspermits adjustment of said tools to different depths of penetration.